VISAS: It is compulsory, that each and every visitor contacts the brazilian consultate in his city of origin in order to verify the requirement of a tourism visa depending on his citizenship, or checks this aunder the following link:

http://brazil.visahq.com/ 

In case such a tourism visa is required, the visitor must obtain it and carry it in his valid passport upon arrival. 

• One main luggage piece (bag, suitcase or hopefully a bagpack) and one "carry-on" smaller handluggage (hopefully a small "day-pack" rucksack)  only
  

• Twolong-sleaved wears
  
• Hat or cap

• Powerful flashlight (if possible a "hands free" head-torch providing both white and red light) with NEW batteries
  

• Solar skin protecting sun lotion
  

• Rubber boots "Wellies" and rain coat
  

• Canteen (or) fieldbottle (or) "Camelback" (Minimum holding capacity 2.0 Lt.)

• Binoculars and photo camera

• Valid passport

• Malaria prophylaxis (personal choice)

• Pocket money in the following currencies: USD / EUR / BRL / COP
  

• Medium-sized padlock
  

• Donations, such as clothing, shoes, boots, children toys & games, basic medication, basic educational implements, fishing line & hooks and similar things.
  

• Lighter
  

In Colombia, the best place to buy the ingredients for this eco-insect-repellent is the "Rosas" pharmacy, which has quite a few subsidiaries in the country; be aware that this pharmacy even sells the ready-mixed final product having prepared it according to our recipe.

 

Place equal amounts of "Menticol", 1 "Nopikex" soap, 1 six-pack of camphor tablets, 2 large spoon-fulls of "Eurax 10%" or "Crotamitón" and 30 cc. (approximately 1 ounce) of "Citronella" essence for each 250 ml. of alcohol and "Menticol" in a mixer/blender and mix/stir very well. Then fill the mixture into a manually working spray can/atomizer. For sensitive/dry/female skin we suggest to add 3 tablespoons of "Johnson's" oil to the repellent mix.

Before wearing your field clothing  for the first time, spray the mix all over it. Repeat the operation every 2 or 3 days. 
Apply on exposed skin.
Apply on the edges of the bed, hammock and mosquito netting 
Apply on your sking that carries insect stings
Apply 10% “Eurax”/"Crotamitón" on the skin zones presenting insect stings after taking a late-evening shower before going to bed; it will reduce itching, will improve your night´s sleep and the insect stings will dissapear swiftly. 

Lowest water level: Approximately in August

Rising water level: Approximately from Dezember/January until May/June

Highest water level: Approximately in May

The difference between the lowest and highest water level is of approximately 14 meters

TEMPERATURES

Minimum temperature in the shade: 20° Celsius

Maximum temperature in the open: 48° Celsius

Average temperature: Approximately 26° Celsius

Besides the aforementioned, between the months of April and June exists the possibility that the temperatures fall strongly, this due to the winter season in the southern zone of the continent bringing cold air northward. These abrupt changes in temperature last approximately 2 to 3 days and reach a low of approximately 15° Celsius.

Rainy season: Approximately between the end of January and the beginning of March

Dry season: Approximately between the beginning of June and the end of September

HUMIDITY

• 1 liter of CACHAÇA 

• 40 medium-sized, juicy green lemons

• 6 ice trays

• Aprox. 250 grms. of fine-grain, white sugar

1) Crush half of the ice to a size slightly larger than “frapé”

2) Cut half of the lemons into quarts and avoid using the centre part of the lemons

3) Press juice out of the other half of the lemons

4) Pour the crushed ice, the lemon pieces, the lemon juice and the cachaça into a big jar

5) While stirring the mixture add sugar slowly until reaching the desired taste

6) Fill-up with the remaining ice cubes

7) Serve into wide, medium-height glasses and place a wooden spoon into each glass in order to enable the consumer to continue pressing juice from the lemon pieces. 

Other fruits that may replace the lemon:

Orange, mandarine, pineapple (Liquify with a bit of water and sieve prior to adding), star fruit (Liquify with a bit of water and sieve prior to adding), melon, guanabana (Liquify with a bit of water prior to adding) or cupuaçú (Liquify with a bit of water prior to adding).

Other liquors that may replace cachaça:

White rum (“Caipiríssima”)
Vodka (“Caipiroska”)
Pizco (“Caipizquinho”)
Aguardiente (“Hediondinho”)